Ngo-1958, iGoodrich Chemical Company (manje eseyiqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi i-Lubrizol) yabhalisa okokuqala uhlobo lwe-TPU i-Estane.Eminyakeni engu-40 edlule, kube namagama emikhiqizo angaphezu kuka-20 emhlabeni wonke, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lunochungechunge lwemikhiqizo eminingi.Njengamanje, abakhiqizi bempahla eluhlaza ye-TPU ikakhulukazi bahlanganisa i-BASF, i-Covestro, i-Lubrizol, i-Huntsman Corporation, i-Wanhua Chemical Group, i-Shanghai Heng'an, i-Ruihua, i-Xuchuan Chemical, njll.
1, Isigaba se-TPU
Ngokwesakhiwo sengxenye ethambile, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-polyester, uhlobo lwe-polyether, nohlobo lwe-butadiene, ngokulandelana okuqukethe iqembu le-ester, iqembu le-ether, noma iqembu le-butene.
Ngokwesakhiwo sengxenye eqinile, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-urethane kanye nohlobo lwe-urethane urea, olutholakala ngokulandelana kusuka ku-ethylene glycol chain extenders noma i-diamine chain extenders.Ukuhlukaniswa okuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-polyester nohlobo lwe-polyether.
Ngokuya ngobukhona noma ukungabikho kokuxhumanisa okuphambanayo, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-thermoplastic emsulwa kanye ne-semi thermoplastic.
Owokuqala unomugqa ohlanzekile futhi awekho amabhondi axhumanisayo;Lokhu kuqukethe inani elincane lamabhondi axhumene njenge-Allophanic acid ester.
Ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eqediwe, ingahlukaniswa ibe izingxenye ezifakiwe (isici somshini esihlukahlukene), amapayipi (ama-sheaths, amaphrofayili webha), amafilimu (amashidi, amapuleti amancane), okunamathelayo, okokunamathela, imicu, njll.
2, Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-TPU
I-TPU ingeye-polyurethane ngokwesakhiwo samangqamuzana.Ngakho, yahlanganiswa kanjani?
Ngokwezinqubo ezihlukene zokuhlanganisa, ihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi i-polymerization ngobuningi kanye ne-polymerization yesisombululo.
Ngobuningi be-polymerization, ingabuye ihlukaniswe ngendlela ye-polymerization yangaphambili kanye nendlela yesinyathelo esisodwa ngokusekelwe ebukhoneni noma ekungabi bikho kokusabela kwangaphambili:
Indlela ye-prepolymerization ihilela ukusabela kwe-disocyanate nama-macromolecular diols isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokwengeza isandiso seketanga ukukhiqiza i-TPU;
Indlela yesinyathelo esisodwa ibandakanya ukuxuba kanye nokusabela ama-macromolecular diols, ama-disocyanate, namaketanga okunwebeka ukuze akhe i-TPU.
I-polymerization yesixazululo ifaka kuqala ukuncibilika kwe-disocyanate ku-solvent, bese wengeza ama-macromolecular diols ukuze asabele isikhathi esithile, futhi ekugcineni wengeze izandisi zamaketango ukuze kukhiqizwe i-TPU.
Uhlobo lwengxenye ethambile ye-TPU, isisindo samangqamuzana, okuqukethwe kwengxenye eqinile noma ethambile, nesimo sokuhlanganisa se-TPU singathinta ukuminyana kwe-TPU, ngokuminyana okungaba ngu-1.10-1.25, futhi awukho umehluko obalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amarabha namapulasitiki.
Ngobulukhuni obufanayo, ukuminyana kohlobo lwe-polyether TPU kuphansi kunohlobo lwe-polyester TPU.
3. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-TPU
Izinhlayiya ze-TPU zidinga izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ukuze zenze umkhiqizo wokugcina, ikakhulukazi zisebenzisa izindlela zokuncibilika nezixazululo zokucubungula i-TPU.
Ukucubungula ukuncibilika kuyinqubo evame ukusetshenziswa embonini yepulasitiki, njengokuxuba, ukugoqa, ukukhishwa, ukubunjwa kokushaywa, nokubumba;
Ukucutshungulwa kwesixazululo kuyinqubo yokulungisa isisombululo ngokuncibilikisa izinhlayiya ku-solvent noma ngokuzifakela i-polymerizing ngokuqondile ku-solvent, bese umboza, ukuphotha, njalonjalo.
Umkhiqizo wokugcina owenziwe kusukela ku-TPU ngokuvamile awudingi ukusabela kwe-vulcanization crosslinking, okungafinyeza umjikelezo wokukhiqiza futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha izinto ezilahlwayo.
4. Ukusebenza kwe-TPU
I-TPU ine-modulus ephezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukuphakama okuphezulu nokunwebeka, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqokwa, ukumelana nowoyela, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi, nokumelana nokuguga.
Amandla aqinile aphezulu, ubude obuphezulu, kanye nezinga lokuguquguquka eliphansi lesikhathi eside lokucindezelwa yizo zonke izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-TPU.
I-XiaoU izochaza kabanzi mayelana nezakhiwo zemishini ze-TPU kusuka ezintweni ezinjengamandla aqinile nobude, ukuqina, ubulukhuni, njll.
Amandla aqinile aphezulu kanye nobude obuphakeme
I-TPU inamandla amahle kakhulu okuqina kanye nobude.Kusukela kudatha emfanekisweni ongezansi, singabona ukuthi amandla aqinile kanye nokwelulwa kohlobo lwe-polyether ye-TPU kungcono kakhulu kunepulasitiki ye-polyvinyl chloride nerabha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-TPU ingahlangabezana nezidingo zemboni yokudla ngezithasiselo ezincane noma ezingafakwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okunzima futhi kwezinye izinto ezifana ne-PVC nenjoloba ukufeza.
Ukuqina kuzwela kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa
Ukuqina kwe-TPU kubhekisela ezingeni lapho ibuyela khona ngokushesha esimweni sayo sangempela ngemva kokudalulwa kwengcindezi yokuguquguquka, evezwa njengamandla okubuyisela, okuyisilinganiso somsebenzi wokuhlehlisa ukuguquguquka emsebenzini odingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe ukuguquguquka.Kungumsebenzi wemodulus eguquguqukayo kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komzimba okunwebeka futhi kuzwela kakhulu kumazinga okushisa.
I-rebound iyancipha ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa kuze kufike izinga lokushisa elithile, futhi ukunwebeka kukhuphuka ngokushesha futhi.Lokhu kushisa kungukushisa kwe-crystallization kwesigaba esithambile, esinqunywa isakhiwo se-macromolecular diol.I-polyether yohlobo lwe-TPU iphansi kunohlobo lwe-polyester i-TPU.Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-crystallization, i-elastomer iba nzima kakhulu futhi ilahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwayo.Ngakho-ke, ukuqina kufana nokuphindaphinda okuvela ebusweni bensimbi eqinile.
Ibanga lobulukhuni yi-Shore A60-D80
Ukuqina buyinkomba yekhono lempahla lokumelana nokuguquguquka, ukufaka amaphuzu, nokuklwebheka.
Ukuqina kwe-TPU kuvame ukukalwa kusetshenziswa izihloli zokuqina ze-Shore A kanye ne-Shore D, i-Shore A isetshenziselwa ama-TPU athambile futhi i-Shore D isetshenziselwa ama-TPU aqinile.
Ubulukhuni be-TPU bungalungiswa ngokulungisa ingxenye yamaketanga athambile naqinile.Ngakho-ke, i-TPU inobubanzi obuqinile obubanzi, kusukela ku-Shore A60-D80, ehlanganisa ubulukhuni benjoloba nepulasitiki, futhi inokunwebeka okuphezulu kulo lonke uhla lobulukhuni.
Njengoba ubulukhuni bushintsha, ezinye izakhiwo ze-TPU zingashintsha.Isibonelo, ukwandisa ubulukhuni be-TPU kuzoholela ekushintsheni kokusebenza okufana nokwenyuka kwe-tensile modulus namandla okudabula, ukukhuphuka kokuqina nokucindezeleka okucindezelayo (umthamo womthwalo), ukuncipha kwe-elongation, ukuminyana okwandayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okuguquguqukayo, nokwanda kokumelana nendawo ezungezile.
5. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-TPU
Njenge-elastomer enhle kakhulu, i-TPU inohlu olubanzi lwezikhombisi-ndlela zomkhiqizo ongezansi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezidingweni zansuku zonke, izimpahla zezemidlalo, amathoyizi, izinto zokuhlobisa, neminye imikhakha.
Izinto zezicathulo
I-TPU isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinto zezicathulo ngenxa yokunwebeka kwayo okuhle kakhulu nokumelana nokugqoka.Imikhiqizo yezicathulo equkethe i-TPU ikhululekile kakhulu ukugqoka kunemikhiqizo yezicathulo evamile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yezicathulo eziphezulu, ikakhulukazi izicathulo zezemidlalo nezicathulo ezivamile.
ipayipi
Ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo, amandla aqinile okuqina, amandla omthelela, nokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi, amapayipi e-TPU asetshenziswa kakhulu e-China njengamapayipi egesi namafutha emishini efana nezindiza, amathangi, izimoto, izithuthuthu, namathuluzi omshini.
ikhebula
I-TPU ihlinzeka ngokumelana nezinyembezi, ukumelana nokugqoka, nezici zokugoba, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokuphansi okuwukhiye ekusebenzeni kwekhebula.Ngakho-ke emakethe yaseShayina, izintambo ezithuthukisiwe njengezintambo zokulawula nezintambo zikagesi zisebenzisa ama-TPU ukuvikela izinto zokumboza zemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi yamakhebula, futhi izicelo zabo ziya ngokuya zanda.
Imishini yezokwelapha
I-TPU iyinto ephephile, ezinzile futhi esezingeni eliphezulu ethatha indawo ye-PVC, engeke ibe ne-Phthalate nezinye izinto eziyingozi zamakhemikhali, futhi izothuthela egazini noma kwezinye izinto eziwuketshezi ku-catheter yezokwelapha noma esikhwameni sezokwelapha ukuze kubangele imiphumela engemihle.Futhi iyibanga le-extrusion elithuthukiswe ngokukhethekile kanye nebanga lomjovo le-TPU.
ifilimu
Ifilimu ye-TPU ifilimu elizacile elenziwe ngezinto eziyimbudumbudu ze-TPU ngezinqubo ezikhethekile njengokugingqa, ukulingisa, ukufutha, nokumboza.Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukunwebeka okuhle, nokumelana nesimo sezulu, amafilimu e-TPU asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini, izinto zezicathulo, ukufaka izingubo zokugqoka, ezezimoto, zamakhemikhali, ze-elekthronikhi, ezokwelashwa, nakweminye imikhakha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-05-2020