Ngo-1958, i-Goodrich Chemical Company (manje eyi-Lubrizol) yabhalisa kabusha i-TPU Brand Estane okokuqala. Eminyakeni engama-40 edlule, kube namagama omkhiqizo angaphezu kwama-20 emhlabeni jikelele, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lunochungechunge lwemikhiqizo oluningi. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi bezinto ezibonakalayo ze-TPU befaka phakathi i-BASF, iCovelsto, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, iShanghai Heng''n, Ruihuah Chemic, njll.
1, isigaba se-TPU
Ngokusho kwesakhiwo sengxenye ethambile, kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-polyester, uhlobo lwe-polythene, nohlobo lwe-buthaneene, oluqukethe iqembu e-Ester, iqembu le-ethene, noma i-butene group.
Ngokusho kwesakhiwo se-Hard Segment, kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-Urethane nohlobo lwe-Ureathane, olutholwa ngokulandelana kwabalandela e-ethylene clycol cleach extenders noma amaketanga we-diamene. Ukuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kuhlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-polyester kanye nohlobo lwe-polyther.
Ngokusho kobukhona noma ukungabikho kokuxhumanisa okunqamula, kungahlukaniswa kube yi-thermoplastic enhle ne-semicroplastic.
Owokuqala unesakhiwo esihlanzekile futhi asikho izibopho ezixhumanisayo; Lesi sakamuva siqukethe inani elincane lamabhondi axhumeke kakhulu afana ne-allophanic acid ester.
Ngokwesekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe, zingahlukaniswa ngezingxenye ezifakiwe (i-Shipe Machine element), amapayipi (ama-sheaths, amaphrofayili webha), amafilimu (amashidi, amapuleti amancanyana), njll.
2, Synthesis of TPU
I-TPU ingeyakwa-polyurethane ngokwemigomo yesakhiwo samangqamuzana. Ngakho-ke, kwahlanganisa kanjani?
Ngokusho kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ze-synthesis, ihlukaniswe ikakhulu kwi-polymerization eningi ne-polymerization solution.
Ku-bulk polymerization, kungahlukaniswa futhi kube yindlela yangaphambili ye-polymerization kanye nendlela eyodwa yendlela esekelwe ebukhoneni noma ukungabikho kokuphendula kwangaphambilini:
Indlela ye-PrefelMerization ifaka ukuphendula i-diisocyatate enama-diols e-macromolecular isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokungezwa isandiso se-chain ukukhiqiza i-TPU;
Indlela eyodwa yezinyathelo ifaka ukuxuba kanyekanye kanye nokuphendula ama-diols we-macromolecular, diisocyanates, kanye nabasanda kudlula be-TPU.
Isixazululo i-polymerization kubandakanya ukuqeda okokuqala disocyate kwi-solvent, bese engeza ama-diols e-macromolecular ukusabela isikhathi esithile, bese ekugcineni engeza ama-chain elenger ukukhiqiza i-TPU.
Uhlobo lwengxenye ye-TPU ethambile, isisindo se-molecular, okuqukethwe okunzima noma okuthambile, kanye ne-TPU Aggregation State kungathinta ubuningi be-TPU, nobuningi buka-TPU, futhi akukho mehluko obalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-purtics.
Ngobulukhuni obufanayo, ubuningi bohlobo lwe-polyther TPU luphansi kunaleso sohlobo lwe-polyester TPU.
3, Ukucutshungulwa kwe-TPU
Izinhlayiya ze-TPU zidinga izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ukwakha umkhiqizo wokugcina, ikakhulukazi usebenzisa izindlela zokuncibilika nezixazululo zokucubungula i-TPU.
Ukulungiswa okuncibilikayo kuyinqubo evame ukusetshenziswa embonini yepulasitiki, njengokuxuba, ukugoqa, ukukhishwa, ukushaya ngamandla, nokubumba;
Ukucutshungulwa kwesixazululo kuyinqubo yokulungiselela isisombululo ngokuqothula izinhlayiya kwi-solvent noma ngqo nge-polymerizes kubo kwi-solvent, bese kuthi-ke, ukuxubana nokunye.
Umkhiqizo wokugcina owenziwe nge-TPU ngokuvamile awudingi ukusabela kokuwela i-Vulcanization, okunganciphisa umjikelezo wokukhiqiza kanye nokuphinda usebenzise imfucuza.
I-4, ukusebenza kwe-TPU
I-TPU ine-modulus ephezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukugcwala okuphezulu nokuqina, ukumelana kahle kokuqina, ukumelana kawoyela, ukumelana nokugula okuphansi, kanye nokumelana nokuguga.
Amandla aphezulu aphezulu, ukugcwala okuphezulu, kanye nokucindezela okuningana kwezimo defforment are Gorfmation zonke zonke izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-TPU.
I-XIAUU izoyicacisa ikakhulukazi ngempahla ye-TPU kusuka ezicini ezinjengamandla ashubile kanye nokuqina, ukuqina, ubunzima, njll.
Amandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye nokukhula okuphezulu
I-TPU inamandla amahle kakhulu kanye nokugcwala. Ukusuka kwimininingwane esesithombeni esingezansi, siyabona ukuthi amandla ashubile kanye nokubumbana kohlobo lwe-polyther TPU kungcono kakhulu kunaleso se-polyvinyl chloride plastiki nerabha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-TPU ingahlangabezana nezidingo zemboni yokudla enezithasiselo ezincane noma ezingezelwe ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, okunzima futhi kwezinye izinto ezifana ne-PVC nerabha ukufeza.
Ukuqina kuyazwela kakhulu ekushiseni
Ukuqina kwe-TPU kubhekisele ezingeni lapho kukhululeka ngokushesha esimweni salo sokuqala ngemuva kokuxineka kwengcindezi, kuvezwe njengamandla okubuyiselwa kwemali, okungukuthi isilinganiso sokukhishwa kwemali okudingekayo ukukhiqiza i-deformation. Kungumsebenzi we-modulus enamandla kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komzimba obanzi futhi uzwela kakhulu izinga lokushisa.
I-rebound yehlisa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuze kube yilapho kushisa okungamazinga okushisa, futhi ukunwebeka kukhuphuka ngokushesha futhi. Lokhu kushisa okushisa kwe-crystallization yengxenye ethambile, enqunywa yisakhiwo se-diol ye-macromolecular. Uhlobo lwe-polyther TPU luphansi kunohlobo lwe-polyester tpu. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-crystallization, i-elastomer iba nzima kakhulu futhi ilahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqina kuyafana nokuphindaphinda kusuka ebusweni bensimbi enzima.
Ububanzi bukaHardness bus Shore A60-D80
Ubulukhuni buyinkomba yekhono lokwenziwa lokumelana nokulimazeka, ukushaya amagoli, kanye nokuhlahlela.
Ubulukhuni be-TPU buvame ukukalwa kusetshenziswa abahloli baka-Shodi A noShore D Balurness, kanye noShore asetshenziselwa i-TPU noShore D esetshenziselwa i-TPUS enzima.
Ubulukhuni be-TPU bungashintshwa ngokulungisa ingxenye yezingxenye zezingxenye ezithambile nezinzima. Ngakho-ke, i-TPU inobubanzi obubanzi obubanzi, isukela kwa-Shore A60-D80, ithatha ubunzima benjoloba kanye neplastiki, futhi ine-elasticity ephezulu kulo lonke uhla lonke lobulukhuni.
Njengoba ubulukhuni buguquka, ezinye izakhiwo ze-TPU zingashintsha. Isibonelo, ukukhulisa ubulukhuni be-TPU kuzoholela ekutheni izinguquko zokusebenza okufana namandla ashubile akhuphukile kanye nokuqina nokucindezela okucindezelayo (umthamo wokulayisha), ukuncipha okucindezelayo kanye nokuqina kwemvelo okunamandla.
5, ukusetshenziswa kwe-TPU
Njenge-elastomer enhle kakhulu, i-TPU inezinhlangothi eziningi zemikhiqizo ye-DownTream futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kwizidingo zansuku zonke, izimpahla zemidlalo, amathoyizi, izinto zokuhlobisa, nezinye izinkambu.
Izinto zokwakha izicathulo
I-TPU isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinto zezicathulo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuhle nokugqokwa. Imikhiqizo yezicathulo eziqukethe i-TPU ikhululekile kakhulu ukuyigqoka kunemikhiqizo yezinyawo ezijwayelekile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni yezicathulo eziphezulu, ikakhulukazi ezinye izicathulo zezemidlalo nezicathulo ezijwayelekile.
ithumbu lokunisela
Ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo, amandla amahle ashubile, amandla amahle, ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi aphansi, ama-hoses we-TPU asetshenziswa kabanzi eChina njengegesi nemishini yemishini efana nendiza, amathangi, izimoto, kanye namathuluzi omshini.
komhlaba
I-TPU inikeza ukumelana kwezinyembezi, ukugqokwa kokugqoka, kanye nezimpawu zokugoba, ngokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi okuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza kwekhebula. Ngakho-ke emakethe yaseChina, amakhekhe athuthukile afana nezintambo zokulawula kanye nezintambo zamandla zisebenzisa i-TPUS ukuvikela izinto zokwakha amakhebula eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izicelo zazo ziya ngokuya zisaba kakhulu.
Amadivayisi wezokwelapha
I-TPU iyinto ephephile, eqinile futhi esezingeni eliphezulu ye-PVC impahla ye-PVC, engeke iqukathe izinto ezinobungozi namanye amakhemikhali, futhi izongena egazini noma kolunye uketshezi kwi-catheter yezokwelapha noma esikhwameni sezokwelapha ukuze ibangele imiphumela emibi. Kubuye kube yiBanga le-Extrolsion elithuthuke elithuthukisiwe nebanga le-TPU.
ulwembu
Ifilimu ye-TPU ifilimu elincanyana elenziwe nge-TPU granular mated ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezikhethekile njengokugingqa, ukuphonsa, ukushaya, nokugoba. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukumelana nokuqina, ukuqina okuhle, kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, amafilimu we-TPU asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini, izinto zezicathulo, ezenzakalweni ezifanele, ezokwelashwa, ezokwelapha.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-05-2020