Yini i-thermoplastic polyurethane elatomer?

Yini i-thermoplastic polyurethane elatomer?

I-Polyurethane Elastomer yizinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwenziwa kwe-polyurethane (ezinye izinhlobo ze-polyurethane Foam, i-polyurethane coative ne-polyurethane fiber), abantu bavame ukubhekisela kuyo njenge-TPU (ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu ze Ama-polyurethane lastomers asakazwa ama-polyurethane lastomers, afushaniswa njenge-CPU, kanye nama-polyurethane alastomers, afushaniswe njenge-MPU).

I-TPU uhlobo lwe-polyurethane lastomer olungahlelwa ngopulasitiki ngokushisa futhi lichithwe yi-solvent. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CPU ne-MPU, i-TPU inokuxhumeka kancane kwamakhemikhali noma okuxhumeka kwesakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali. Iketanga layo lama-molecular ngokuyisisekelo liqondile, kepha kunenani elithile lokuxhuma ngokomzimba. Le yi-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer enesici esikhulu esakhiweni.

Ukwakheka nokuhlukaniswa kwe-TPU

I-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer iyi-ab (ab) vimba i-polymer eqondile. I-a imelela i-polymer polyol (ester noma i-polyther, isisindo samangqamuzana esingu-1000 ~ 6000) esinesisindo esiphakeme samangqamuzana, esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Tire Chain; B imele i-diol equkethe ama-athomu ka-2-12 aqonde ama-chain carbon, abizwa ngokuthi yiketanga elifushane.

Esakhiweni se-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer, ingxenye abizwa ngengxenye ethambile, enezimpawu zokuvumelana nezimo nokuthambisa, okwenza i-TPU ibe nokuningilisweni; I-irethane chack ekhiqizwa ukusabela phakathi kwengxenye ye-B kanye ne-isocyanate ibizwa ngokuthi yingxenye enzima, enezakhiwo eziqinile nezakhiwo ezinzima. Ngokushintsha isilinganiso sezigaba ze-A ne-B, imikhiqizo ye-TPU enezakhiwo ezihlukile zomzimba nezemishini zenziwa.

Ngokusho kwesakhiwo sengxenye ethambile, kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-polyester, uhlobo lwe-polythene, nohlobo lwe-buthaneene, oluqukethe iqembu e-Ester, iqembu le-ethene, noma i-butene group. Ngokusho kwesakhiwo se-Hard Segment, kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwe-Urethane nohlobo lwe-Ureathane, olutholwa ngokulandelana kwabalandela e-ethylene clycol cleach extenders noma amaketanga we-diamene. Ukuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kuhlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-polyester kanye nohlobo lwe-polyther.

Yiziphi izinto ezingavuthiwe ze-TPU synthesis?

(1) I-POLYMER DIOL

I-Macromolecular Diol enesisindo esivela kumangqamuzana asukela kuma-500 kuye kwangama-4000 namaqembu we-bifumantal, ngokuqukethwe okungu-50% kuya ku-80% ku-TPU elatomer, kudlala indima enqumayo ePPU neyomakhemikhali ye-TPU neyomakhemikhali ye-TPU neyomakhemikhali ye-TPU neyomakhemikhali ye-TPU.

I-polymer diol elungele i-TPU elastomer ingahlukaniswa nge-polyester ne-polyther: I-Polyester ifaka i-polytetramethylene adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε I-PLL, PHC; Ama-polyethers afaka i-polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), i-tetrahydrofuran polythelekile glycol (PTMG), njll.

(2) diisocyanate

Isisindo se-molecular sincane kepha umsebenzi uvelele, ongagcini nje kuphela iqhaza lokuxhuma ingxenye ethambile kanye nengxenye enzima, kodwa futhi ufaka i-TPU ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ezinhle ngokomzimba nabenziwe ngomshini. Ama-diisocyanates asebenza kwi-TPU yile: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), -4-cyclohexylsocyanate) (Hmdi), p-phenyllimenel diisocyanate (PXDI), njll.

(3) I-Chain Extender

I-Chain Extender ngesisindo samangqamuzana esingu-100 ~ 350, esingesisindo esincane samangqamuzana, isisindo esincane samangqamuzana, isakhiwo esivulekile se-chain futhi alikho iqembu eliphakeme lingena ekutholeni ubulukhuni obuphezulu nesisindo esiphakeme se-TPU. Abakwa-Chain Extenders abalungele i-TPU bafake i-1,4-butanediol (BDE), i-1,4-BIS (2-CYDROXYEXY), 1,4-cyclohexanemethanol (CHDM), P-PhenylyLimethyllyCol (PXG), njll.

Ukulungiswa kwesicelo se-TPU njenge-ejenti enamandla

Ukuze unciphise izindleko zomkhiqizo futhi uthole ukusebenza okwengeziwe, ama-polyurethane we-thermoplastic alastomers angasetshenziswa njengama-ejenti ajwayelekile asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthengeni okuhlukahlukene kwe-thermoplastic kanye nezinto zokwakha eziguquliwe.

Ngenxa ye-polarity yayo ephezulu, i-polyurethane ingahambelana nama-polar resin noma ama-rubber, njenge-polyethylene (CPE), engasetshenziswa ukwenza imikhiqizo yezokwelapha; Ukuhlanganiswa ne-AB kungathatha isikhundla se-TheRmoplastics yobunjiniyela; Lapho isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nePolycarbonate (PC), inezakhiwo ezifana nokumelana kawoyela, ukumelana kaphethiloli, nokumelana nomthelela, futhi kungasetshenziswa ukwenza imizimba yemoto; Lapho kuhlanganiswa nePolyester, ukuqina kwalo kungathuthukiswa; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahambisana kahle ne-PVC, i-polyoxymethylelene noma i-PVDC; I-Polyester Polyurethane ingahambelana kahle ne-15% ye-nitrile rubber noma ama-40% ama-nitrile rubber / PVC ahlanganise; Ama-polytheate polyurethane angahambelana kahle ne-40% ye-nitrile rublerubrur / polyvinyl chloride inhlanganisela yokunamathela; Futhi kungahambisana ne-acrylonitrile styrene (san) Copolymers; Ingakha izakhiwo zenethiwekhi ye-interpenetting (IPN) nge-polysiloxanes esebenzayo. Iningi lalezi zinama ezinenhla ezihlanganiswe ngenhla sezivele zikhiqizwe ngokusemthethweni.

Eminyakeni yamuva, kube nocwaningo olukhulayo ngokuqina kwePom nguTPu eChina. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-TPU ne-POM akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukumelana okushisa okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini ze-TPU, kepha futhi kunesibopho esikhulu se-POM. Abanye abacwaningi bakhombisile ukuthi ekuhlolweni kwe-Tensile Fracture, uma kuqhathaniswa nePom Matrix, i-Pom Alloy ene-TPU iguqukile ekuqhekekeni kwe-bricttle ku-dectile fracture. Ukungezwa kwe-TPU kuphinde kunikeze amandla ngokusebenza kwememori yokwakhe. Isifunda se-Crystalline of POM sisebenza njengesigaba esinqunyelwe sememori yesikhathi sokwamo memoy, ngenkathi indawo ye-amorphous TPU ne-POM isebenza njengesigaba esiguqukayo. Lapho izinga lokushisa lokuphendula kabusha liyi-165 ℃ futhi isikhathi sokutakula yimizuzwana eyi-120, izinga lokutakula le-alloy lifinyelela ngaphezu kwama-95%, futhi umphumela wokutakula ungcono kakhulu.

I-TPU kunzima ukuyihambelana nezinto ezingezona ze-polymer ezifana ne-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, irabha ye-ethylene, irovu ye-ethylene, irowu rubber, futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-composites ngokusebenza okuhle. Ngakho-ke, izindlela zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu ezifana ne-plasma, iCorona, Chemistry, i-Primer, ilangabi noma igesi esebenzayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa owokugcina. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo ye-American Air kanye nenkampani yamakhemikhali yenze ukwelashwa kwe-F2 / O2 indawo ephakeme yokwelashwa nge-polyethylene yesisindo esihle esinezigidi ezingama-3-5, futhi ingeze yathuthukisa kakhulu i-modulus yayo eguqukayo, amandla ashukumisayo kanye nokuvimbela okujwayelekile. Futhi ukwelashwa kwe-F2 / O2 okusebenzayo kwegesi kungafakwa kwimicu emifushane ephakeme kakhulu ngobude obungu-6-35mm, okungathuthukisa ukuqina nokuqina kwezinyembezi zezinto ezibonakalayo.

Iziphi izindawo zesicelo ze-TPU?

Ngo-1958, i-Goodrich Chemical Company (manje eyi-Lubrizol) yabhalisa kabusha i-TPU Brand Estane okokuqala. Eminyakeni engama-40 edlule, kube namagama omkhiqizo angaphezu kwama-20 emhlabeni jikelele, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lunochungechunge lwemikhiqizo oluningi. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi bezinto ezibonakalayo eziphambili ze-TPU ezibonakalayo emhlabeni yilezi: basf, iCovelro, i-Luntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, njll.

Njenge-elastomer enhle kakhulu, i-TPU inezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo eyehlayo, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwizidingo zansuku zonke, izimpahla zemidlalo, amathoyizi, izinto zokuhlobisa, nezinye izinkambu. Ngezansi izibonelo ezimbalwa.

① Izinto zokwenziwa kwezicucu

I-TPU isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinto zezicathulo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuhle nokugqokwa. Imikhiqizo yezicathulo eziqukethe i-TPU ikhululekile kakhulu ukuyigqoka kunemikhiqizo yezinyawo ezijwayelekile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni yezicathulo eziphezulu, ikakhulukazi ezinye izicathulo zezemidlalo nezicathulo ezijwayelekile.

② hoses

Ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo, amandla amahle ashubile, amandla amahle, ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi aphansi, ama-hoses we-TPU asetshenziswa kabanzi eChina njengegesi nemishini yemishini efana nendiza, amathangi, izimoto, kanye namathuluzi omshini.

② Cable

I-TPU inikeza ukumelana kwezinyembezi, ukugqokwa kokugqoka, kanye nezimpawu zokugoba, ngokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi okuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza kwekhebula. Ngakho-ke emakethe yaseChina, amakhekhe athuthukile afana nezintambo zokulawula kanye nezintambo zamandla zisebenzisa i-TPUS ukuvikela izinto zokwakha amakhebula eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izicelo zazo ziya ngokuya zisaba kakhulu.

④ Amadivayisi wezokwelapha

I-TPU iyinto ephephile, eqinile futhi esezingeni eliphezulu ye-PVC impahla ye-PVC, engeke iqukathe izinto ezinobungozi namanye amakhemikhali, futhi izongena egazini noma kolunye uketshezi kwi-catheter yezokwelapha noma esikhwameni sezokwelapha ukuze ibangele imiphumela emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibanga elikhiqizwayo elithuthuke kakhulu nebanga le-tPU le-TPU lingasetshenziswa kalula nge-debugging encane kwimishini ye-PVC ekhona.

⑤ Izimoto nezinye izindlela zokuhamba

Ngokukhipha kanye nokuhlanganisa izinhlangothi zombili zendwangu ye-nyyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, i-inflatable combat attack rafts kanye ne-repcanissance rafts ethwele ama-rafts avundiswayo; I-Polyurethane thermoplastic elatomer eqiniswe nge-fiber yengilazi ingahle isetshenziselwe ukwenza izingxenye zomzimba njengezingxenye ezibunjiwe ezinhlangothini zombili zemoto uqobo, izikhumba zomnyango, ama-bumpers, imichilo ye-anti.