Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D buthola amandla futhi buthatha indawo yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bendabuko obudala?
Uma uzama ukubhala phansi izizathu zokuthi kungani lolu shintsho lwenzeka, uhlu luzoqala ngokwenza ngokwezifiso. Abantu bafuna ukwenza ngokwezifiso. Abanasithakazelo kangako ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso.
Futhi kungenxa yalolu shintsho ekuziphatheni kwabantu kanye nekhono lobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D lokwanelisa isidingo sabantu sokwenza ngokwezifiso, ngokwenza ngokwezifiso, ukuthi bukwazi ukuthatha indawo yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obusekelwe ekulinganisweni ngokwesiko.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuyisici esifihliwe ngemuva kokufuna kwabantu ukwenza kube ngokwakho. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi kukhona izinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo ezitholakala emakethe ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathuthukise izingxenye eziguquguqukayo kanye nama-prototypes asebenzayo kungumthombo wenjabulo yangempela kwabanye abasebenzisi.
Imfashini ephrintiwe nge-3D kanye nezingalo zokufakelwa eziphrintiwe nge-3D ziyisibonelo sezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuguquguquka kokuphrinta kwe-3D kufanele kuqashelwe.
Ukuphrinta kwe-3D yerabha kuyindawo esacwaningwayo kodwa engakathuthukiswa. Kodwa okwamanje, asinabo ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta kwe-3D yerabha, kuze kube yilapho irabha isiphrinteka ngokuphelele, kuzodingeka sibhekane nezinye izindlela.
Futhi ngokocwaningo, ezinye izindlela eziseduze kakhulu zerabha eziwela kuzo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-Thermoplastic Elastomers. Kunezinhlobo ezine ezahlukene zezinto eziguquguqukayo esizozibheka ngokujulile kulesi sihloko.
Lezi zinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo zibizwa ngokuthi i-TPU, i-TPC, i-TPA, kanye ne-Soft PLA. Sizoqala ngokukunikeza incazelo emfushane ngezinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo ngokujwayelekile.
Iyiphi i-Filament Eguquguqukayo Kakhulu?
Ukukhetha imicu eguquguqukayo yephrojekthi yakho elandelayo yokuphrinta ye-3D kuzovula umhlaba wamathuba ahlukene wokuphrinta kwakho.
Awukwazi nje kuphela ukuphrinta izinto ezahlukene nge-filament yakho egobile, kodwa futhi uma unephrinta equkethe i-extruder ephindwe kabili noma enezinhloko eziningi, ungaphrinta izinto ezimangalisayo usebenzisa le nto.
Izingxenye kanye nezibonelo ezisebenzayo ezifana nama-flip flops enziwe ngokwezifiso, ama-stress ball-head, noma ama-vibration dampener angaphrintwa kusetshenziswa iphrinta yakho.
Uma uzimisele ukwenza i-Flexi filament ibe yingxenye yokuphrinta izinto zakho, nakanjani uzophumelela ekwenzeni imicabango yakho isondele kakhulu eqinisweni.
Njengoba kunezinketho eziningi kangaka ezitholakalayo namuhla kule nsimu, kungaba nzima ukucabanga isikhathi esesidlulile emkhakheni wokuphrinta we-3D ngaphandle kwalokhu kuphrinta.
Kubasebenzisi, ukuphrinta ngemicu eguquguqukayo, ngaleso sikhathi, kwakubuhlungu kakhulu. Ubuhlungu babubangelwa yizici eziningi ezazizungeza iqiniso elilodwa elivamile lokuthi lezi zinto zithambile kakhulu.
Ukuthamba kwezinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo kwazenza zibe yingozi yokunyatheliswa nganoma iyiphi iphrinta, kunalokho, wawudinga okuthile okuthembekile ngempela.
Iningi lamaphrinta ngaleso sikhathi lalibhekene nenkinga yokusunduza umphumela wentambo, ngakho-ke noma nini lapho ucindezela into ngaleso sikhathi ngaphandle kokuqina nge-nozzle, yayigoba, iphenduke, futhi ilwe nayo.
Wonke umuntu ojwayelene nokuthulula intambo enalitini yokuthunga noma yiluphi uhlobo lwendwangu angakuqonda lokhu.
Ngaphandle kwenkinga yomphumela wokusunduza, ukukhiqiza imicu ethambile njenge-TPE kwakuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokubekezelelana okuhle.
Uma ucabanga ngokungakwazi ukubekezelela izinto kahle bese uqala ukukhiqiza, kungenzeka ukuthi intambo oyikhiqizile ingadinga ukucutshungulwa kabi, ukujijwa, kanye nenqubo yokukhipha izinto.
Kodwa izinto zishintshile, okwamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemicu ethambile, eminye yayo inezakhiwo ezinwebekayo kanye namazinga ahlukahlukene obuthambile. I-Soft PLA, TPU, kanye ne-TPE ngezinye zezibonelo.
Ukuqina Kogu
Lesi yisimiso esivamile ongasibona ngabakhiqizi be-filament bekhuluma kanye negama lezinto zabo zokunyathelisa ze-3D.
Ukuqina Kogu kuchazwa njengendlela yokulinganisa ukumelana kwazo zonke izinto ezinazo ukuze zingene ngaphakathi.
Lesi sikali sasungulwa esikhathini esidlule lapho abantu babengenalo ireferensi lapho bekhuluma ngobulukhuni banoma iyiphi into.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe ubulukhuni be-Shore, abantu kwadingeka basebenzise okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwabanye ukuchaza ubulukhuni banoma iyiphi into ababeyizamile, kunokuba basho inombolo.
Lesi sikali siba yisici esibalulekile ngenkathi kucatshangelwa ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokubumba okufanele zikhethwe ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxenye yeprototype esebenzayo.
Ngakho-ke isibonelo, uma ufisa ukukhetha phakathi kwamarabha amabili okwenza isikhunta se-ballerina emile ngoplasta, ubulukhuni be-Shore buzokutshela ukuthi ube nerabha enobulukhuni obufushane obungu-70 A abusizi kangako kunerabha enobulukhuni be-shore obungu-30 A.
Ngokuvamile lapho usebenza ngemicu uzokwazi ukuthi ubulukhuni obunconywayo bogu lwento eguquguqukayo busukela ku-100A kuya ku-75A.
Lapho, kusobala ukuthi izinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo ezinobunzima bogu lwe-100A ziyoba nzima kunezo ezine-75A.
Yini Okufanele Uyicabangele Lapho Uthenga I-Flexible Filament?
Kunezici ezahlukahlukene okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthenga noma iyiphi intambo, hhayi nje eziguquguqukayo.
Kufanele uqale endaweni ephakathi nendawo ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe, into efana nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ezoholela engxenyeni ebukeka kahle yeprototype esebenzayo.
Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ucabange ngokuthembeka kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka okungukuthi izinto ozisebenzisa kanye ekuphrinteni kwe-3D, kufanele zihlale zitholakala, ngaphandle kwalokho, uzogcina usebenzisa noma yikuphi ukuphela okulinganiselwe kwezinto zokuphrinta ze-3D.
Ngemva kokucabanga ngalezi zici, kufanele ucabange ngokunwebeka okuphezulu, imibala ehlukahlukene. Ngoba, akuzona zonke izinto zokunyathelisa ze-3D eziguquguqukayo ezitholakala ngombala ofuna ukuwuthenga ngawo.
Ngemva kokucabangela zonke lezi zici ungacabangela isevisi yamakhasimende yenkampani kanye nentengo yayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkampani emakethe.
Manje sizobala ezinye zezinto ongazikhetha ukuze uphrinte ingxenye eguquguqukayo noma i-prototype esebenzayo.
Uhlu Lwezinto Zokuphrinta Eziguquguqukayo ze-3D
Zonke izinto ezibalwe ngezansi zinezici ezithile eziyisisekelo njengokuthi zonke ziguquguquka futhi zithambile. Izinto zinamandla okumelana nokukhathala okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zikagesi.
Zinamandla amakhulu okudambisa ukudlidliza kanye namandla okushaya. Lezi zinto zibonisa ukumelana namakhemikhali nesimo sezulu, zinokumelana okuhle kokudabuka nokuklwebheka.
Zonke zingasetshenziswa kabusha futhi zinamandla amahle okubamba ukushaqeka.
Izimfuneko zephrinta zokuphrinta ngezinto zokuphrinta ze-Flexible 3D
Kunezinkolelo ezithile ezijwayelekile okufanele uzisebenzise ngaphambi kokuphrinta ngalezi zinto.
Izinga lokushisa lokukhipha iphrinta yakho kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-210 no-260, kanti izinga lokushisa lombhede kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-110 kuye ngokushisa kokushintsha kwengilazi kwezinto ozimisele ukuziphrinta.
Isivinini sokuphrinta esinconywayo ngenkathi uphrinta ngezinto eziguquguqukayo singaba noma yikuphi kusukela kumamilimitha amahlanu ngomzuzwana kuya kumamilimitha angamashumi amathathu ngomzuzwana.
Uhlelo lokukhipha iphrinta yakho ye-3D kufanele lube yi-direct drive futhi kunconywa ukuthi ube nefeni yokupholisa ukuze kusheshe kucutshungulwe izingxenye kanye nama-prototype asebenzayo owakhayo.
Izinselele ngenkathi uphrinta ngalezi zinto
Yiqiniso, kunezinto ezithile okudingeka uzinakekele ngaphambi kokuphrinta ngalezi zinto ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni abasebenzisi ababhekane nabo ngaphambilini.
-Ama-elastomer e-thermoplastic ayaziwa ukuthi awaphathwa kahle yizithuthi zephrinta.
-Zimunca umswakama, ngakho-ke lindela ukuthi okuphrintiwe kwakho kuvele ngobukhulu uma intambo ingagcinwanga kahle.
-Ama-elastomer e-thermoplastic ayazwela ekunyakazeni okusheshayo ngakho-ke angase aboshwe uma ecindezelwa ku-extruder.
I-TPU
I-TPU imele i-thermoplastic polyurethane. Ithandwa kakhulu emakethe ngakho-ke, ngenkathi uthenga ama-filament aguquguqukayo, kunamathuba aphezulu okuthi le nto yiyo ovame ukuyithola uma iqhathaniswa nezinye i-filament.
Idumile emakethe ngokubonisa ukuqina okukhulu kanye nokuvumela ukuphuma kalula kunezinye izintambo.
Le nto inamandla amahle futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Inobubanzi obuphezulu bokunwebeka obusukela kumaphesenti angu-600 kuya kwangu-700.
Ubulukhuni balolu daba lolwandle busukela ku-60 A kuya ku-55 D. Lunokunyatheliswa okuhle kakhulu, lubonakala kancane.
Ukumelana kwayo ngamakhemikhali namafutha ngokwemvelo kwenza kube ngcono ukuyisebenzisa namaphrinta e-3D. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kunokumelana okukhulu kokuguguleka.
Kunconywa ukuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa lephrinta yakho liphakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-210 kuya kwangu-230 kanye nombhede ophakathi kwezinga lokushisa elingashisisiwe kuya kuma-degree Celsius angu-60 ngenkathi uphrinta nge-TPU.
Isivinini sokuphrinta, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla kufanele sibe phakathi kwamamilimitha amahlanu namashumi amathathu ngomzuzwana, kanti ukuze unamathisele umbhede welulekwa ukusebenzisa i-Kapton noma i-tape yokupenda.
I-extruder kufanele ibe yi-direct drive futhi ifeni yokupholisa ayinconywa okungenani ezingqimbeni zokuqala zale phrinta.
I-TPC
Zimelela i-thermoplastic copolyester. Ngokwekhemikhali, zingama-polyether ester anochungechunge lobude obungahleliwe olushintshashintshayo lwama-glycol amade noma amafushane.
Izingxenye eziqinile zale ngxenye ziyi-short-chain ester units, kuyilapho izingxenye ezithambile ngokuvamile ziyi-aliphatic polyethers kanye ne-polyester glycols.
Ngenxa yokuthi le nto yokunyathelisa ye-3D eguquguqukayo ibhekwa njengento yobunjiniyela, akuyona into ongayibona kaningi njenge-TPU.
I-TPC inobukhulu obuphansi obunobubanzi obunwebekayo obungamaphesenti angu-300 kuya kwangu-350. Ubulukhuni bayo be-Shore busukela ku-40 kuya ku-72 D.
I-TPC ikhombisa ukumelana okuhle namakhemikhali kanye namandla aphezulu ngokuqina okuhle kokushisa kanye nokumelana nokushisa.
Ngesikhathi uprinta nge-TPC, welulekwa ukuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa lakho liphakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-220 kuya kwangu-260, izinga lokushisa lokulala libe phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-90 kuya kwangu-110, kanye nesivinini sokuphrinta sifana nese-TPU.
I-TPA
I-copolymer yamakhemikhali ye-TPE ne-Nylon ebizwa ngokuthi i-Thermoplastic Polyamide iyinhlanganisela yokuthungwa okubushelelezi nokukhazimulayo okuvela ku-Nylon kanye nokuguquguquka okuyinzuzo ye-TPE.
Inokuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nokunwebeka okuphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-370 nangu-497, kanti ubulukhuni be-Shore buphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-75 nangu-63.
Ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ikhombisa ukuphrinta ezingeni elifanayo nele-TPC. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kanye nokunamathela kwesendlalelo.
Izinga lokushisa lephrinta elikhipha izinto ngesikhathi liprinta lokhu kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-220 kuya kwangu-230, kanti izinga lokushisa lebhedi kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-30 kuya kwangu-60.
Isivinini sokuphrinta sephrinta yakho singafana nesokunconywayo ngenkathi kuphrintwa i-TPU ne-TPC.
Ukunamathela kombhede kwephrinta kufanele kusekelwe ku-PVA futhi uhlelo lwe-extruder lungaba yi-direct drive kanye ne-Bowden.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-10-2023